-Akure.

The image shows clear symptoms of black pod disease, a major fungal infection affecting cocoa pods, especially during the rainy season. Caused by Phytophthora species, this disease presents as dark brown or black lesions that spread rapidly, leading to pod rot and significant yield loss if unmanaged.

Black pod thrives in moist, humid environments, spreading through rain splash and infected debris. Its impact on cocoa farms can be devastating, with potential losses reaching up to 80% in severe cases.

Effective management begins with proper field hygiene—removing infected pods, pruning trees for airflow, and keeping the base weed-free. Timely fungicide application, particularly copper-based sprays or Metalaxyl + Mancozeb combinations, is crucial during wet seasons. Farmers are also encouraged to plant resistant cocoa varieties where available.

This disease highlights the need for proactive farm management. With the right practices, farmers can reduce infection risks, protect yields, and maintain cocoa quality throughout the season.